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本指南仅供参考之用。本指南的内容受BCA拥有、授权或控制的版权和其他形式的所有权保护，未经BCA事先书面许可，不得以任何方式复制、转载、上传、张贴、传输或以其他方式分发。任何内容的修改或为任何其他目的使用将违反BCA的版权和其他知识产权。在此提及任何特定的商业产品、流程或服务的商业名称、商标、制造商或其他，不构成或暗示BCA s的认可或推荐。BCA或本指南中所述的任何机构对任何一方依赖或误解本指南中的任何信息不承担任何责任。

All content used herein is for non-profit educational purposes. Where possible, all credit has been given to the respective owners or creators of the content.

这里使用的所有内容均用于非营利性教育目的。在可能的情况下，所有的荣誉都授予了内容的所有者或创建者。

CONTENT

目录

Chapter 1 Introduction

第一章 简介

Chapter 2 Good Industry Practices – Procurement

第二章 良好的行业规范-采购

•Early involvement of contractors and MEP specialists

•承包商和MEP专家的早期参与

•Tender requirements and specifications

•投标要求和规范

Chapter 3 Good Industry Practices – Design

第三章 良好的行业惯例-设计

•Key considerations including transportation, lifting and handling, availability of confirmed detailed design, ease of maintenance and material wastage

•主要考虑因素包括运输、吊装和搬运、确认的详细设计的可用性、易于维护和材料浪费

•Requirements for different module types

•不同模块类型的要求

•Establish a workflow to develop Co-ordinated Services Drawing (CSD) for prefabrication

•建立一个工作流来开发预制的协调服务制图(CSD)

Chapter 4 Good Industry Practices – Fabrication at the Manufacturing Plant

第四章 良好的行业规范-在制造工厂制造

•Adopt good management practices to improve productivity

•采用良好的管理实践来提高生产力

•Ensure quality control

•确保质量控制

•Align MEP modules properly before delivery to site

•在交付到现场之前，对MEP模块进行适当的调整

•Protect modules against weather elements

•保护模块免受天气因素的影响

•Facilitate transport, handling and installation

•便于运输、搬运和安装

•Refer to inspection checklist for delivery of modules

•模块交付时，请参阅检查清单

Chapter 5 Good Industry Practices – Installation

第五章 良好的行业惯例-安装

•Adopt Just-In-Time (JIT) concept

•采用准时制(JIT)概念

•Plan for logistics in advance

•提前规划物流

•Conduct visual inspection of modules delivered to site

•对交付到现场的模块进行目视检查

•Mark and set out modules’ position

•标记并设定模块的位置

•Install and connect modules and to the mains

•安装和连接模块和干线

•Testing and commissioning

Chapter 6 Roles of Different Project Parties

第六章 不同项目团体的角色

Chapter 7 Overseas and Local Projects

第七章 海外及本地项目

FOREWORD

前言

A strategic focus of the Construction Industry Transformation Map (ITM) is to champion widespread adoption of Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) technologies.

建筑业转型地图(ITM)的战略重点是倡导广泛采用设计制造和组装(DfMA)技术。

DfMA transforms construction into a manufacturing process. It involves moving construction activities from worksites into a controlled factory environment. Building components are prefabricated off-site before being brought on site for assembly. This means that construction projects can be completed faster with better quality, and in a cleaner and quieter manner.

DfMA将建筑转化为制造过程。它包括将建筑活动从工地转移到受控的工厂环境中。建筑部件在运到现场装配之前都是在场外预制的。这意味着建筑工程可以以更快、更好的质量、更清洁、更安静的方式完成。

Prefabricated Mechanical, Electrical and Plumbing (MEP) systems is identified as a game-changing technology under the DfMA continuum.

预制机械、电气和管道(MEP)系统被认为是DfMA连续统一体下的一种改变游戏规则的技术。

The MEP GIP Guidebook serves to provide simple and practical guidance to practitioners on how prefabricated MEP systems could be designed, fabricated and installed to achieve its functional requirements and high workmanship standards. Good practices such as upfront planning, procurement and maintenance will be covered in the guidebook. The MEP GIP guidebook also features projects that adopted prefabricated MEP systems overseas. This allows Singapore consultants and builders to draw reference and learn from these overseas projects.

“机电工程系统设计指引”为从业员提供简单实用的指引，让他们了解如何设计、制造和安装预制机电系统，以达到系统的功能要求和高工艺标准。良好的做法，如预先计划，采购和维护将涵盖在指南。环保GIP指南还介绍了海外采用预制环保系统的项目。这使得新加坡的顾问和建筑商可以借鉴和学习这些海外项目。

This guide is not meant to be a definitive publication on how prefabricated MEP systems must be designed, fabricated and installed. Industry practitioners are encouraged to innovate and improve further on the prefabricated MEP systems. Professional advice should always be sought from designers and suppliers when adopting prefabricated MEP systems. We gratefully acknowledge the contributions of key technical agencies and practitioners in the production of this guide and trust that the industry will find this publication useful. We welcome any contributions from readers to improve subsequent editions of this guide.

本指南不是关于预制MEP系统必须如何设计、制造和安装的权威出版物。鼓励行业从业者进一步创新和改进预制MEP系统。在采用预制的MEP系统时，应向设计者和供应商征求专业意见。我们感谢主要技术机构和从业人员在制作本指南方面的贡献，并相信业界会发现这份出版物是有用的。我们欢迎读者的任何贡献，以改进本指南的后续版本。

Neo Choon Keong

Deputy Chief Executive Officer 

Industry Development

Building and Construction Authority

1. INTRODUCTION

1、简介

The construction industry has been moving towards the adoption of Design for Manufacturing and Assembly (DfMA) where most of the work is done off-site in a controlled manufacturing environment, and are then transported and assembled on site. With more prefabrication, manpower and time needed to construct buildings are reduced, worksites are safer and more conducive, and there is less impact on the surrounding environment.

建筑业已经开始采用“为制造和装配而设计”(DfMA)，其中大部分工作是在受控的制造环境中完成的，然后在现场运输和组装。更多的预制，减少了建筑所需的人力和时间，工地更安全更有利，对周围环境的影响更小。

Prefabricated Mechanical Electrical and Plumbing (MEP) modules is one of the game-changing technologies that can significantly improve productivity. It adopts the DfMA concept where components in MEP services and equipment are integrated into a sub-assembly off-site, for easy installation on site.

预制机械、电气和管道(MEP)模块是一种改变游戏规则的技术，可以显著提高生产率。它采用了DfMA的概念，即MEP服务和设备中的组件集成到一个场外的子装配中，以便于在现场安装。

This guidebook helps developers, consultants, builders, subcontractors and MEP prefabricators have a better understanding on prefabricated MEP modules, its benefits and good industry practices on such systems.

这本指南帮助开发商、顾问、建筑商、分包商和MEP预制商更好地了解预制的MEP模块、其优点和良好的行业惯例。

Figure 1: DfMA continuum for MEP services

图1:MEP服务的DfMA连续体

1.1. Benefits of prefabricated MEP modules

预制机电模块的优点

Increases productivity significantly

显著提高生产力

•Construction is faster as the production of prefabricated MEP modules/systems in the factory is done concurrently with other activities on site

•施工速度更快，因为工厂的预制MEP模块/系统的生产与现场的其他活动同时进行

•Installation of prefabricated MEP modules/systems on site is easier and quicker, and leads to significant manpower and time savings of up to 60%, depending on the complexity of projects

•在现场安装预制的MEP模块/系统更容易、更快，根据项目的复杂程度，可节省高达60%的人力和时间

Improves workplace safety

改善工作场所安全

•Construction sites are safer and more conducive as most work is done off-site, and less time is spent working at height

•建筑工地更安全、更有益，因为大部分工作都在场外完成，在高空工作的时间更少

Reduces impact to the environment

减少对环境的影响

•Dust and noise pollution, as well as other dis-amenities to the surroundings are minimised as more activities are done off-site

•灰尘和噪音污染，以及其他对环境不利的设施被最小化，因为更多的活动是在场外进行的

•Less construction waste is generated as there is less rectification work

•由于整改工作较少，产生的建筑垃圾更少

Enhances quality control

提高质量控制

•Higher quality control is achieved as most work is done in a controlled factory environment

•由于大部分工作是在受控的工厂环境中完成的，因此实现了更高的质量控制

•Sequence of work can be planned more efficiently with better logistics co-ordination

•通过更好的物流协调，可以更有效地规划工作顺序

1.2. Types of prefabricated MEP modules/systems and their applications

预制MEP模块/系统的类型及其应用

MEP technologies at the higher end of the DfMA continuum such as advanced prefabricated systems and integrated sub-assembly systems can achieve higher productivity improvement. Examples of the types of prefabricated MEP modules/systems and their applications are illustrated below.

在DfMA连续体的高端MEP技术，如先进的预制系统和集成的子装配系统，可以实现更高的生产率改进。下面举例说明预制的MEP模块/系统及其应用。

PREFABRICATED COMPONENTS

预制构件

Examples: 

1) Flexible water pipe 软管

2) Prefabricated pre-insulated aircon duct 预制件预绝缘空调管道

3) Plug and play cable 即插即用电缆

4) Flexible sprinkler dropper 柔性洒水喷头

SUB-ASSEMBLIES (INCLUDING MEP SERVICES ONLY)

子程序集(只包括MEP服务)

Examples: 

1) Prefabricated horizontal or vertical ceiling modules with pipes, cable trays, trunking etc. 

2) Prefabricated plant modules with pump, compressor etc.

例如:

1)预制件水平或垂直天花板模块，带有管道、电缆架、管道等。

2)预制件厂房模块，带有泵、压缩机等。

SUB-ASSEMBLIES (INTEGRATED WITH ARCHITECTURAL/STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS)

组件(与建筑/结构组件集成)

Photographs courtesy of Laing O’Rourke, United Kingdom (Picture 1 and 2) and Balfour Beatty PLC, United Kingdom (Picture 3)

照片由英国Laing O ‘Rourke(图1和图2)和英国Balfour Beatty PLC(图3)提供

Examples: 

1) Prefabricated MEP modules integrated with catwalk

2) Riser module with platform 

3) Prefabricated horizontal module with ceiling board (and even lighting, exit signs etc., where practical)

例子:
1)与catwalk集成的预制MEP模块
2)隔水管模块带平台
3)预制板水平模块，带天花板(在可行的情况下，连照明、出口标志等)

FULLY INTEGRATED ASSEMBLIES

完全集成的组件

Examples: MEP systems integrated into Prefabricated Prefinished Volumetric Construction systems

例如:MEP系统集成到预制预制体建筑系统中

Did you know?

To recognise the consultants’ initiative to adopt prefabricated MEP modules with higher productivity gains, the Buildable Design Appraisal Framework (BDAS) was enhanced in May 2017. Additional points will be given for a minimum 65% coverage of prefabricated MEP modules/systems in a project.

为确认顾问公司采用预制MEP模块以提高生产力，我们于2017年5月加强了可建造设计评估架构。项目中至少65%的预制MEP模块/系统将获得额外加分。

Figure 2: Comparison of points allocated for prefabricated MEP modules/systems(for coverage of 80% and above) between Code of Practice on Buildability 2015 and 2017

图2:2015年和2017年《可建造性工作守则》中分配给预制MEP模块/系统(覆盖率达80%及以上)的分数比较

In the next chapter, we explore good industry practices on the procurement, design, production and installation of prefabricated MEP modules/systems.

在下一章，我们将探讨预制MEP模块/系统的采购、设计、生产和安装方面的良好行业实践。

2. GOOD INDUSTRY PRACTICES – PROCUREMENT

2. 良好的行业规范-采购

2.1. Early involvement of contractors and MEP specialists

2.1. 承包商和MEP专家的早期参与

It is important to engage the MEP specialists and main contractor early upfront during the design stage of the project. By incorporating their inputs into the design, a more effective technical solution can be achieved. Design clashes and structural safety concerns due to co-ordination issues can be eliminated. The design of MEP systems will also be more holistic and take into consideration the ease and accessibility of maintenance, replacement and upgrading of such systems.

重要的是，在项目的设计阶段，尽早聘请MEP专家和主承包商。通过将他们的输入整合到设计中，可以实现更有效的技术解决方案。由于协调问题而引起的设计冲突和结构安全问题可以消除。MEP系统的设计也将更加全面，并考虑该系统的维修、更换和升级的便利性和易用性。

The Design and Build (D&B) and Design Development and Build (DDB) procurement models facilitate early involvement of the main contractor and MEP specialists during the design stage. This significantly improves the buildability and constructability of the prefabricated MEP design, leading to higher construction productivity.

设计和建造(D&B)和设计开发和建造(DDB)采购模型促进了主承包商和MEP专家在设计阶段的早期参与。这大大提高了预制MEP设计的可建造性和可施工性，从而提高了施工生产率。

Design and Build (D&B) model

设计和建造(D&B)

D&B is a procurement method where the functions of design and construction are placed entirely with the main contractor. Based on the design brief provided by the client, the main contractor will engage his own consultants and the MEP specialists to fully design, develop and construct the development, including the design and installation of prefabricated MEP systems.

D&B是一种采购方法，设计和施工的功能完全由主承包商承担。根据业主提供的设计概要，主承包商将聘请自己的顾问和MEP专家全面设计、开发和施工开发，包括预制MEP系统的设计和安装。

Design Development and Build (DDB) model

设计开发和建造(DDB)

The DDB model is similar to the D&B model, except that the client will engage his own consultants to develop the conceptual design first. Based on this design concept, the main contractor will work with his own consultants and the MEP specialists to develop the full design and construct the development, including designing and installing the prefabricated MEP systems.

DDB模型与D&B模型相似，不同之处在于客户将先聘请自己的顾问来开发概念设计。基于这种设计理念，主承包商将与自己的顾问和MEP专家一起开发完整的设计并进行开发，包括设计和安装预制的MEP系统。

Besides the above procurement models, the consultants, main contractor and MEP specialists can also team up to submit their design to tender for projects.

除了上述采购模式外，顾问公司、总承包商和环保专家也可以合作提交设计以进行项目投标。

In the event when early contractor involvement cannot be adopted, the client can consider the following options:

如果不能采用早期承包商参与，客户可考虑以下选项:

Figure 3: Suggestions for a typical DBB project

图3:对典型DBB项目的建议

Below are examples of overseas procurement models and best practices from the United Kingdom, Japan and Korea.

以下是来自英国、日本和韩国的海外采购模式和最佳做法的例子。

2.2. Tender requirements and specifications

2.2. 招标要求及规格

The requirement to adopt prefabricated MEP modules cannot be an afterthought and needs to be incorporated upfront in the tender documents, starting from the project brief. The early decision to adopt MEP modules in the project allows greater continuity of design and maximises productivity gains.

采用预制件MEP模块的要求不能事后再考虑，需要从项目概要开始，在投标文件中预先纳入。在项目中采用MEP模块的早期决定允许更大的设计连续性和最大限度地提高生产率。

Project milestones are different when prefabricated MEP modules are adopted in a project. As such, the contract provisions of a project adopting prefabricated MEP modules should take into account the following considerations:

当一个项目采用预制的MEP模块时，项目里程碑是不同的。因此，采用预制MEP模块的项目合同条款应考虑以下因素:

2.2.1. Allow sufficient time to consider design options

2.2.1.留出足够的时间考虑设计选项

During planning, it is important to allocate sufficient time to consider a range of design options for prefabricated MEP modules with the help of BIM software, and avoid rushing into details which can limit the design options.

在规划过程中，重要的是要在BIM软件的帮助下，为预制的MEP模块分配足够的时间来考虑一系列的设计选项，避免匆忙进入细节，从而限制设计选项。

For example, a detailed design of a building’s services may pre-determine the construction sequence or limit the scope for preassembly. The use of a vertical riser in a frame passing through multiple floors may be more efficient than having a smaller assembly for each floor or fitting components in a traditional in-situ manner. 

例如，建筑服务的详细设计可能预先决定建造顺序或限制预装的范围。在穿过多个楼层的框架中使用垂直立管可能比在每个楼层使用较小的组件或在传统的现场装配方式更有效。

However, lifting restrictions on the site may prevent this option from being used.

As various design options require inputs across the construction value chain, the client should allow adequate time for design in BIM software and collaboration among its consultants, builder, MEP trade specialists and prefabricator of MEP modules, before construction starts.

然而，取消对网站的限制可能会阻止使用此选项。
由于各种设计方案都需要在整个建筑价值链上进行输入，因此在施工开始前，客户应留出充足的时间进行BIM软件的设计，并与顾问、建造商、MEP贸易专家和MEP模块预制商进行协作。

2.2.2. Have Co-ordinated Services Drawings (CSD) endorsed by all relevant project parties Once prefabrication is completed, only minor changes are allowed. Any design changes or re-routing causes a lot of disruption.

2.2.2.在预制工程完成后，所有有关的工程承建商均通过统筹服务图则，只可作轻微更改。任何设计更改或重新路由都会导致大量中断。

Hence, it is important that the designs of the MEP services are confirmed early. Since all modules are manufactured based on BIM co-ordinated models, the process of approving the shop drawings is critical and must be robust.

因此，及早确认MEP服务的设计是很重要的。由于所有的模块都是基于BIM协调的模型制造的，所以施工图的审批过程非常关键，必须是稳健的。

The CSD needs to be endorsed by all relevant project parties i.e. the consultants, builder and relevant MEP trade specialists, according to a pre-agreed schedule.

Clients are also encouraged to require the main contractor and MEP specialists to provide more detailed BIM drawings to facilitate off-site prefabrication of MEP systems.

根据预先商定的时间表，政府发展计划必须得到所有有关项目各方，即顾问、建造商和相关环保部门专家的批准。
我们也鼓励客户要求主承包商和MEP专家提供更详细的BIM图纸，以促进MEP系统的场外预制。

2.2.3. Approve materials and mock-ups prior to mass production of MEP modules 

2.2.3.在MEP模块量产前批准材料和模型

Unlike cast in-situ works where there is a sequence for materials to arrive on site, upfront material planning is critical for prefabricated MEP modules as all materials are needed at the same time for prefabrication.

与现场浇铸工程不同的是，材料到达现场是有顺序的，预先的材料计划对于预制的MEP模块是至关重要的，因为所有材料都需要在同一时间进行预制。

Consultants are required to approve the materials used early, so that prefabrication of modules can proceed on schedule. Mock-ups of the most typical prefabricated MEP modules used in the development should also be produced for the consultants’ approval, prior to mass production of the modules in the factory.

咨询人员需要尽早批准使用的材料，以便模块的预制可以按计划进行。开发中使用的最典型的预制MEP模块的模型也应该在工厂批量生产模块之前制作，以获得顾问的批准。

2.2.4. Ensure workers are trained and defects are rectified at the factory

2.2.4. 确保工人在工厂接受培训并纠正缺陷

The skills of the trade workers deployed at the factory play a critical role in ensuring the smooth installation of modules on site.

To avoid potential disputes, the tender can include requirements for MEP specialist contractors to provide training for workers in the factory, and to rectify defects found in the modules installed on site.

在工厂工作的贸易工人的技能对于确保模块在现场的顺利安装起着关键的作用。
为避免潜在的纠纷，投标可包括要求MEP专业承包商为工厂的工人提供培训，并纠正现场安装的模块中发现的缺陷。

To minimise defects in the modules due to poor workmanship, an engineer’s representative should be engaged by the consultant to inspect the works done in the factory. The engineer’s representative must be an independent party from the prefabricator to avoid conflict of interest.

为尽量减少因技术欠佳而造成的组件缺陷，顾问公司应聘请工程师代表检查工厂内的工程。工程师代表必须是与预制方独立的一方，以避免利益冲突。

2.2.5. Improve co-ordination on site and in the factory

2.2.5. 提高现场和工厂的协调能力

Clients can specify to engage firms under the CRS ME15 workhead as the first-level subcontractor to co-ordinate the installation of prefabricated MEP works. The firm should have a relevant track record in the co-ordination and installation of prefabricated MEP modules.

客户可以指定CRS ME15工作头下的公司作为一级分包商，协调预制MEP工程的安装。该公司应在预制MEP模块的协调和安装方面有相关的记录。

In addition, the tender should specify a dedicated firm or personnel to lead and direct the co-ordination among various trades on site and in the factory. The lead co-ordinator is preferably the builder that is well placed to co-ordinate logistics and activities of all trades on site.

此外，投标书应指定专门的公司或人员来领导和指导现场和工厂内各行业之间的协调工作。首席协调人最好是能在现场协调物流和所有行业活动的建筑商。

2.2.6. Adopt a different payment certification methodology

2.2.6. 采用不同的支付认证方法

With a different work sequence, the contractor’s pricing methodology will change and the consultants’ payment certification methodology and the bill of quantity, or schedule of works in the case of a lump sum contract will also have to be tailored accordingly. For example, if the MEP specialist contractor is also the prefabricator of MEP modules, the MEP specialist contractor can claim part of the contract amount for the modules completed in the factory, before the installation of these modules on site.

由于工作顺序不同，承包者的定价方法将会改变，顾问的付款证明方法和一次总付合同的工程量清单或工程时间表也必须相应调整。例如，如果MEP专业承包商同时也是MEP模块的预制商，那么在现场安装模块之前，MEP专业承包商可以对在工厂完成的模块提出部分合同金额的索赔。

The flowchart below shows a possible workflow to implement prefabricated MEP modules in a project. The next few chapters will explore the good practices for each phase of the flowchart.

下面的流程图显示了在项目中实现预制MEP模块的可能工作流程。接下来的几章将探讨流程图每个阶段的良好实践。

Figure 4: Workflow for prefabricated MEP modules. All the processes indicated are applicable to multiple trades that are integrated within the modules.

图4:预制MEP模块的工作流程。所有指示的流程都适用于集成在模块中的多个交易。

3. GOOD INDUSTRY PRACTICES – DESIGN

3.良好的行业惯例-设计

3.1. Key considerations

3.1.关键点

3.1.1. Transportation

3.1.1. 运输

The length of each module is subject to the project requirements and standard sizes of materials supplied. In overseas projects, the typical length of each module is either 6 metres or 12 metres because pipes are supplied in these lengths.

每个模块的长度以项目要求和所供材料的标准尺寸为准。在海外项目中，每个模块的典型长度要么是6米，要么是12米，因为管道的长度就是这个长度。

Should the MEP modules fall outside the below parameters, police escorts are required under LTA’s traffic regulatory requirements.

如果MEP模块不符合以下参数，根据LTA的交通监管要求，警察护送是必需的。

• Height: < 4.5 metres (inclusive of truck height)

• Width: < 3.4 metres

• Weight: < 80 tons

*Subject to prevailing requirements by LTA.

3.1.2. Lifting and handling

3.1.2.提升和搬运

For large MEP modules, a tower crane may be required to lift the modules.

Careful consideration must be given on how modules are lifted and installed in congested areas e.g. narrow corridors, etc.

对于大型MEP模块，可能需要一台塔式起重机来吊起模块。
必须仔细考虑如何在拥挤的地区(例如狭窄的走廊等)吊装模块。

Early advice from a specialist can help to identify key issues when developing the design concept. As the design progresses, analysis software such as AutoTURN can be used with the BIM model to determine swept paths, and logistics software can be used to plan the delivery programme, site access and installation routes.

在开发设计概念时，专家的早期建议可以帮助确定关键问题。随着设计的进行，AutoTURN等分析软件可与BIM模型一起确定清扫路径，物流软件可用于规划交付方案、现场出入和安装路线。

Figure 5: Lifting of vertical riser module (Photograph courtesy of Laing O’Rourke)

图5:垂直立管模块的提升(图片由Laing O’rourke提供)

3.1.3. Availability of confirmed detailed design

3.1.3.可行的详图设计

In some zones, design changes or missing details might be inevitable, such as the retail space of a commercial project which is subjected to changes in tenancy. Consultants can identify these zones from the outset. The designers of MEP modules will then be able to include additional provisions during the design stage, to prevent reworks downstream.

在一些地区，设计上的改变或遗漏细节是不可避免的，例如商业项目的零售空间在租约上的改变。顾问可以从一开始就识别这些区域。然后，MEP模块的设计者将能够在设计阶段包括额外的规定，以防止下游的返工。

For example, if the function of a particular zone cannot be confirmed before fabrication of modules commences, the horizontal ceiling module in the typical corridor should allow space for potential additional services to be installed on site at a later stage.

例如，如果在组件制造开始前无法确认特定区域的功能，典型走廊的水平天花板组件应允许在稍后阶段现场安装潜在的附加服务。

3.1.4. Ease of maintenance

3.1.4. 易于维护

The design of prefabricated MEP modules should consider the entire building lifecycle, including downstream maintenance. Maintainability of MEP systems should be considered during the design stage.

预制MEP模块的设计应考虑整个建筑生命周期，包括下游维护。MEP系统的可维护性应在设计阶段加以考虑。

Inputs from the facilities management team on the orientation of valves, accessibility and future addition and alteration requirements should be incorporated in the design as early as possible.

设施管理团队对阀门方向、可达性和未来增加和修改的要求的输入应尽早纳入设计中。

For example, valves should be placed in a common fixed location to ensure all modules are accessible. Consultants should also provide clear access routes to the modules in the design, for example by allowing access space between the main services route and partition walls for installation of services into the rooms adjacent to the corridor.

例如，阀门应该放置在一个公共的固定位置，以确保所有模块都可以接近。顾问还应在设计中为各模块提供清晰的访问路线，例如在主要服务路线和安装服务的隔墙之间留出访问空间，以便将服务安装到与走廊相邻的房间。

Modules should be designed with ease of access for servicing and replacement of components. These include providing a ‘red zone’ of a minimum width of about 600 mm at the centre of the MEP services for workers to access both edges of the ceiling modules, or installing a cat ladder in the middle of module if there is space. The width of services on each side of the ‘red zone’ should be kept within one arm’s length to allow access from the ‘red zone’.

模块的设计应便于维修和更换组件。这些措施包括在MEP服务中心设置一个最小宽约600毫米的“红色区域”，以便工人进入天花板模块的两侧，或者在模块中间安装一个猫梯(如果有空间的话)。“红区”两侧的服务设施的宽度应保持在一臂的距离内，以便从“红区”进入。

3.1.5. Material wastage

3.1.5.材料损耗

Material wastage can be minimised through optimal routing of services.

通过优化服务路线，可使材料浪费最小化。

Figure 6: Allow working access between the services within the module for further interfacing works, future maintenance, repair and replacement. (Photograph courtesy of DLE M&E Pte Ltd)

图6:允许在模块内的服务之间进行工作访问，以进行进一步的接口工作、未来的维护、维修和替换。(照片由DLE M&E Pte Ltd提供)

3.2. Requirements for different module types

3.2. 不同模块类型的需求

Prefabricated MEP modules generally fall into three types: horizontal ceiling module, vertical riser module and plant module, depending on the location of the services. The design of different modules types can be guided by the following principles:

根据服务地点的不同，预制的MEP模块一般分为三种类型:水平天花板模块、垂直立管模块和工厂模块。不同类型模块的设计可以遵循以下原则:

The structural requirements of the MEP modules including the weight of the modules and their dynamic loading should be provided to the Qualified Person (QP) Structural to design the building structural requirements.

应向结构设计人员提供MEP模块的结构要求，包括模块的重量和动态载荷。

The support system of the modules must be firmly installed, according to the approved shop drawings endorsed by Professional Engineer engaged by the main contractor.

模块的支撑系统必须根据主承包商聘请的专业工程师批准的施工图牢固安装。

Structural design of supports should utilise standard strut components and hardware, with all mechanical connections and bridging from the modules.

支架的结构设计应该使用标准的支柱组件和硬件，以及所有与模块的机械连接和桥接。

As much as possible, the supporting frame should allow a certain level of flexibility in adjustment, should more space be required between tiers.

如果各层之间需要更多的空间，那么支撑框架应尽可能允许一定程度的调整灵活性。

The supporting system should be as lightweight as possible to allow easier installation, reduce loading on building structure and minimise material wastage.

支撑系统应尽可能轻，以便安装更容易，减少对建筑结构的负荷，并尽量减少材料浪费。

If welded connections are used in the assembly of the support system, measures to prevent corrosion to the welded connections are required, e.g. painting with cold galvanizing zinc.

如果在支撑系统的装配中使用焊接接头，则需要采取防止焊接接头腐蚀的措施，例如用冷镀锌漆。

The overhead components should be independently supported.

架空组件应独立支撑。

Modules can be linked in tandem for a continuous service run.

模块可以串联起来以持续运行服务。

3.2.1. Requirements of horizontal ceiling modules

3.2.1. 水平天花板模块的要求

A ceiling module should aim to include most if not all of the MEP services in the ceiling.

天花板模块的目标应该包括大部分(如果不是全部的话)MEP服务。

Typical services that can be included are listed below:

可包括的典型服务如下:

a) Sprinkler喷淋

b) Chilled water supply and return pipe冷冻水供应和回流管

c) Condensate drain pipe冷凝水去水管

d) Sanitary drain卫生排水

e) Plumbing水暖设备

f) Town gas民用燃气

g) Medical gas systems (if applicable)医用气体系统(如适用)

h) Electrical and extra low voltage cabling system with trunking, tray or cable ladders (it is typical for cables to be drawn only after the installation of modules on site to minimise cable jointing which affects the performance of the system)带槽、托盘或电缆梯的电气和特低电压电缆系统(典型情况是电缆在现场模块安装完毕后才进行拉线，以尽量减少影响系统性能的电缆连接)

i) Air-conditioning/mechanical ventilation ductwork空调/机械通风管道系统

j) Light fixtures灯固定架

Figure 7: Designing module with an overhang of services to save material for the module frame

图7:设计带有服务悬垂的模块，为模块框架保存材料

(Photograph courtesy of Hyundai Engineering & Construction Pte Ltd)

(照片由现代建筑工程有限公司提供)

Fire safety

消防安全

Sprinkler piping can be pre-installed in the same horizontal ceiling module as other services. If the height of module exceeds 800 mm, a second layer of sprinklers must be in place, subject to the complexity of modules. Consultation with SCDF should be sought for any non-compliance to the fire safety requirements.

洒水喷头管道可以预先安装在与其他设备相同的水平天花板模块中。如果模块的高度超过800毫米，则必须根据模块的复杂性设置第二层洒水装置。如有任何不符合消防安全规定的情况，应向消防委员会咨询。

In addition, if a fire-rated duct runs through the module, the entire module frame and associated supports must be fire-rated. If the horizontal ceiling module is used in fire-rated spaces such as smoke stop and firefighting lobbies, a fire-resistant board must be incorporated, in accordance with the Singapore Standard CP 52:2004 Code of Practice for Automatic Fire Sprinkler System and Code of Practice for Fire Precautions in Buildings.

此外，如果有耐火管道穿过模块，则整个模块框架和相关支撑必须达到耐火水平。根据新加坡标准CP 52:2004《自动消防喷淋系统操作规范》和《建筑物防火操作规范》，如果水平天花板模块用于防火空间，如挡烟和消防大厅，则必须安装防火板。

Water leakage

漏水

The arrangement of services within a horizontal ceiling module should take into account the potential risk of undesirable leakages from mechanical services e.g. sanitary waste pipe and potable water pipe.

水平天花板组件内的设备布置应考虑到机械设备(如卫生污水管和饮用水管)可能出现的不良泄漏风险。

For example, in corridors with limited width, electrical services should always be installed above any plumbing and sanitary services. Additional acrylic/zinc sheet can be installed between water pipe joints and electrical services above or nearby. If the width of corridor accommodates, electrical services can be installed on one side of the ‘red zone’ in the module while mechanical services e.g. sanitary and plumbing can be installed on the other side, as shown in the diagram below.

例如，在宽度有限的走廊里，电力设施应总是安装在水管和卫生设施的上方。在以上或附近的水管连接处和电气设备之间可以安装额外的丙烯酸/锌板。如走廊的宽度合适，可在模块的“红区”一侧安装电气设备，而在另一侧安装机械设备，如卫生设备和水管设备，如下图所示。

Access provisions

操作空间

The distance between vertical tiers of the module should be at least 100 mm to allow access for further works – such as drawing cables and interfacing between modules, and future maintenance. If welding works for pipe jointing are to be carried out, more clearance around the pipes will be required.

模块的垂直层之间的距离应至少为100毫米，以允许进一步的工作，如绘制电缆和模块之间的接口，以及未来的维护。如果要进行管道连接的焊接工作，则需要在管道周围留有更多的间隙。

Figure 8: Elevation view of horizontal ceiling module (if ceiling height allows)

(Photograph courtesy of DLE M&E Pte Ltd)

图8:水平吊顶组件的仰视图(如果吊顶高度允许)
(照片由DLE M&E Pte Ltd提供)

The horizontal ceiling modules should comprise components that allow adjustment to the height of services to compensate any offset due to unevenness of the structural ceiling. Examples of such components are vertical threaded rod and flexible coupling which accommodates misalignment of jointing pipes, as seen on the next page.

水平吊顶组件应包括可调整服务高度的组件，以补偿由于结构吊顶不均匀造成的任何偏移。这类组件的例子是立式螺纹杆和柔性联轴器，可用于调节连接管道的不对准，如下一页所示。

Figure 9: Examples of accessories to facilitate fabrication and installation of prefabricated MEP modules on site

图9:现场预制MEP模块制造和安装所需的附件示例

(Photograph courtesy of Gripple Limited, Georg Fischer Pte Ltd and Teekay Couplings Ltd)

(照片由Gripple有限公司、Georg Fischer Pte有限公司和Teekay Couplings有限公司提供)

3.2.2. Requirements of vertical riser modules

3.2.2. 垂直立管模块的要求

A riser module comprises vertical riser ducts and pipes. The vertical services in each riser module can be installed horizontally at ground level in the factory, and branch out to multiple floors.

一种立管模块，包括垂直立管和管道。每个立管模块中的垂直服务可以水平安装在工厂的地面上，并延伸到多个楼层。

A riser module can be installed prior to, and independently of, the erection of block walls of the riser shaft. Another method of installation is to lower the riser modules into the riser shaft through designated openings in the top floor. Therefore, lifting lugs and bracketry should be incorporated in the design of vertical riser modules.

隔水管模块可以独立于隔水管竖井砌块墙的安装之前安装。另一种安装方法是通过顶层指定的开口将隔水管模块降低到隔水管井中。因此，在垂直立管模块的设计中应包括吊耳和支链。

Figure 10 (right): Vertical riser module placed in position (Photograph courtesy of Balfour Beatty PLC)

图10(右):垂直立管模块放置到位(照片由Balfour Beatty PLC提供)

3.2.3. Requirements of plant modules

3.2.3. 设备模块的要求

Prefabricated MEP plant modules are fully pre-assembled with control panels, and instruments mounted on skids with lifting eyes for piping connections, valves cable termination for power supply, and interfaces for building automation system and fire alarm system, where applicable.

预制的MEP工厂模块完全预装在控制面板上，并安装在带有吊眼的滑车上，用于管道连接，阀门电缆终端用于供电，以及用于建筑自动化系统和火灾报警系统的接口(如果适用)。

The pre-assembled and pre-wired equipment with control panels include:

预装和预装线的控制面板包括:

a) Water services pump sets for boosting and transfer including hydro-pneumatic tank用于增压和输送的水服务泵组，包括油气罐

b) Fire hose reel pump set including hydro-pneumatic tank消防软管卷筒泵组含油气罐

c) Vacuum pump sets真空泵组

d) Air compressor including air receiver空压机包括储气罐

e) Cooling towers冷却塔

f) Chillers冷却装置

g) Chilled water and condensing water pumps冷冻水和冷凝水泵

h) Air-condensing unit空调机组

i) Air handling units (AHUs)空气处理装置(AHUs)

j) Fan coil units (FCUs)风机盘管(FCUs)

Figure 11: Prefabricated plant modules fitted and lined up in factory

(Photograph courtesy of Seikei factory, Japan)

图11:装配式工厂模块在工厂装配和排列
(照片由日本精庆工厂提供)

Two or more modules can be combined using flexible connections on site to complete the installation in a plant room. All the valves/pipework connections to the equipment can be pre-installed in the factory including the control panels and internal wiring.

两个或多个模块可以通过灵活的连接在现场进行组合，完成机房内的安装。所有与设备的阀门/管道连接都可以在工厂预安装，包括控制面板和内部线路。

When the equipment is delivered to site, contractors will only need to connect the pipework and the incoming power supply, then the system is ready for testing and commissioning. As compared to the conventional way of installing plant and equipment, prefabricated MEP plant modules save time on site, and reduces the number of trips to deliver individual materials and components such as valves, pipes and control panels to the plant room for assembly.

当设备被送到现场时，承包商只需要将管道和进入的电源连接起来，然后系统就可以进行测试和调试了。与安装厂房和设备的传统方式相比，预制的MEP厂房模块节省了现场时间，减少了将单个材料和组件(如阀门、管道和控制面板)送到车间进行组装的行程。

The site will also be neater and material waste can be minimised.

场地也将更整洁，材料浪费可以最小化。

Figure 12 (Top): Prefabricated condensing module (Photograph courtesy of Seikei factory, Japan)

Figure 13 (Right): Prefabricated pump module (Photograph courtesy of Crown House Manufacturing, United Kingdom)

图12(上):预制冷凝模块(照片由日本精工制版提供)
图13(右):预制泵模块(照片由英国皇家制造公司提供)

3.3. Establish a workflow to develop Co-ordinated Services Drawing (CSD) for prefabrication

3.3. 建立工作流程，以发展预制工程的协调服务制图

The design of the modules should be generated from the CSD which is produced in BIM.

模组的设计应由BIM中编制的CSD产生。

The contents and level of detail in BIM to be delivered at each project stage, as well as the role of each project member, should be clearly defined before commencement of design. The following is an indicative workflow for the development of CSD and should be modified to suit various project requirements:

在开始设计之前，需要明确在项目的各个阶段交付BIM的具体内容和具体程度，以及项目各成员的角色。以下是政府统计处发展的指示性工作流程，并应加以修订，以配合各项计划的需要:

a) The architect provides the BIM of building layout to the MEP consultants for development of the concept design and schematic design of the individual services.

a)建筑师向MEP顾问提供建筑布局的BIM，以进行个别服务的概念设计和方案设计。

b) The builder, respective MEP trade specialists and prefabricator of MEP modules collaborate to develop the CSD in BIM with detailed design where elements are defined with specific assemblies, precise quantity, size, shape, location and orientation. The deliverables at this stage should include elevation views at selected locations including common corridors, turning points in the routing of services, and incoming of new services etc. The appointed lead co-ordinator may be most suitable among the project members to integrate the BIM models from various disciplines to form the final CSD.

b)建筑商、各自的MEP贸易专家和MEP模块的预制商在BIM中协作开发CSD，并进行详细的设计，其中的元素由特定的组件、精确的数量、尺寸、形状、位置和方向定义。现阶段提交的资料应包括选定地点的立面图，包括共用走廊、服务路线的转折点及新服务的引入等。在项目成员中，委任的领导统筹可能是最合适的，以整合不同学科的BIM模型，形成最终的惩教署。

c) The CSD is reviewed and endorsed by relevant project members, including consultants, builder and respective MEP specialist contractors.

c)有关的计划成员，包括顾问、建造商及有关的机电工程专业承建商，会检讨及认可惩教署。

d) The endorsed CSD is further developed with more details for fabrication and assembly, including elements of the modules’ supporting frame, flanges, corners etc.

d)经认可的CSD会进一步发展，提供更多制造和组装的细节，包括组件的支撑框架、法兰、角等元素。

4. GOOD INDUSTRY PRACTICES– FABRICATION AT THE MANUFACTURING PLANT

4. 良好的行业规范-在制造工厂制造

4.1. Adopt good management practices to improve productivity

4.1. 采用良好的管理方法以提高生产力

Before production commences, detailed manufacturing drawings for each module are produced and finalised by all key parties. After the MEP modules have been produced in the factory, the manufacturing drawing should be pasted on the respective modules and the services labelled* accordingly for reference by other trades. Radio frequency identification (RFID) or a barcode system can also be used to track the modules in the factory and facilitate installation on site.

在生产开始前，每个模块的详细制造图纸由所有关键部门制作并最终确定。MEP模块在工厂生产完成后，应在各模块及相应标注*的服务上粘贴制造图，供其他行业参考。还可以使用射频识别(RFID)或条形码系统在工厂跟踪模块，方便现场安装。

The production schedule and manpower planning are also critical. The adoption of automation and mechanisation e.g. robotic welding machine, CNC pipe cutting machine etc. in factory can help improve productivity and reduce reliance on manpower.

生产计划和人力计划也很重要。工厂采用自动化及机械化操作，例如机器人焊接机、数控切管机等，有助提高生产力及减少对人力的依赖。

*The labels should be positioned at the location of ceiling access panels or maintenance panels, according to the ceiling plan.

标签应按吊顶平面图放置在吊顶出入板或维护板位置。

Figure 11: Ensuring quality control at the MEP factory

(Photograph courtesy of Crown House Manufacturing, United Kingdom)

图11:确保MEP工厂的质量控制(照片由英国皇家制造公司提供)

4.2. Ensure quality control

4.2. 确保质量控制

Inspection test plans should be developed for all modules by the prefabricator and endorsed by MEP trade specialists and consultants to ensure that they are applicable for the project.

所有模块的检验测试计划应由预制商制定，并经MEP行业专家和顾问批准，以确保适用于项目。

Tests and inspections of the individual services and support system e.g. steel frames of the modules, should be conducted according to the respective technical specifications and codes of practice. These include the material’s compliance with regulatory requirements, project specifications, pipe pressure test, air tightness test for ductwork, and gradient of condensate drain pipe, sanitary waste pipe and kitchen waste pipe.

个别服务及支援系统(例如组件的钢框架)的测试及检查，应按有关的技术规格及工作守则进行。这些测试包括材料是否符合法规要求、项目规范、管道压力试验、管道系统气密性试验以及冷凝水排放管、生活污水管和厨房污水管的坡度试验。

Factory acceptance tests should be verified by an engineer’s representative to ensure that the modules have achieved their performance requirements. Should the modules fail to meet the performance requirements, rectifications should be carried out accordingly, prior to the delivery of the modules.

工厂验收测试应由工程师代表进行验证，以确保模块达到其性能要求。如果模块不能满足性能要求，应在模块交付前进行相应的整改。

A mock-up should also be produced for inspection and approval by the Qualified Person (QP) prior to mass production.

在批量生产前，还应生产出模型供合格人员(QP)检验和批准。

4.3. Align MEP modules properly before delivery to site

4.3. 在交付到现场之前，对MEP模块进行适当的调整

To ensure a smooth installation on site, a template or jig could be used when lining up the modules in the factory to check for proper alignment.

为了确保现场安装的顺利进行，可以使用模板或夹具在工厂对模块进行排齐，检查是否对齐正确。

Figure 12: Alignment of modules in a factory. Prefabricated MEP modules are fitted out in the factory, prior to delivery and installation on site (Photograph courtesy of DSG Modular)

图12:工厂中的模块对齐。在交付和现场安装之前，预制的MEP模块已在工厂安装完毕(DSG模块化提供的照片)

4.4. Protect modules against weather elements

4.4. 保护模块免受天气因素的影响

Modules should be covered with shrink wrap, tarp etc. to protect them against exposure to weather, prior to delivery to site. Alternatively, the modules can be kept in a sheltered condition at all times.

模块在交付到现场之前，应该用收缩包装和防水布等覆盖，以保护它们不受天气的影响。或者，模块可以一直保持在一个保护的条件下。

4.5. Facilitate transport, handling and installation

4.5. 便于运输、搬运和安装

To ease transport and handling, modules can be pre-installed with castor wheels that can be taken off after installation. Equipment such as pallet jacks and forklifts also facilitate the manoeuvring and lifting of modules in the factory and on site.

为了便于运输和搬运，模块可以预先安装castor车轮，可以在安装后取下。设备，如托盘千斤顶和叉车也便于操作和提升模块在工厂和现场。

Sometimes, to facilitate the installation of MEP modules in tight working spaces, the builder and prefabricator can work together to integrate other works into the MEP modules. For example, part of a partition wall can be integrated with the MEP modules, as shown in the diagram below.

有时，为了便于在紧凑的工作空间中安装MEP模块，建造者和预制者可以一起工作，将其他工作集成到MEP模块中。例如，分区墙的一部分可以与MEP模块集成，如下图所示。

Figure 13: A horizontal ceiling module integrated with drywall partition wall to facilitate installation in tight working space.

图13:水平天花板模块与石膏板隔墙集成，便于在狭小的工作空间安装。

4.6. Refer to inspection checklist for delivery of modules

4.6. 模块交付时，请参阅检查清单

A checklist should be used to verify the condition of modules before they are delivered to site, minimising unnecessary waste and time. An example of the checklist is as shown in the Appendix.

在模块交付到现场之前，应使用检查表来验证模块的状况，尽量减少不必要的浪费和时间。清单的示例如附录所示。

APPENDIX

Final inspection checklist for prefabricated MEP modules

附录

预制件MEP模块的最终检查清单

5. GOOD INDUSTRY PRACTICES – INSTALLATION

5.良好的行业惯例-安装

5.1. Adopt Just-In-Time (JIT) concept

5.1. 采用准时制(JIT)概念

Adopting a just-in-time (JIT) concept, where MEP modules are delivered according to the construction sequence, eliminates congestion in the factory and minimises damages to the modules on site. BIM can be used to simulate the actual on-site installation to identify potential problems in the access route.

采用准时制(JIT)概念，MEP模块按照施工顺序交付，消除了工厂的拥堵，并将现场模块的损坏降至最低。BIM可以用来模拟实际的现场安装，识别进入路线中潜在的问题。

Close co-ordination between parties at the project site and factory is critical to ensure a smooth supply of modules to the site and minimise downtime due to missing modules on site.

项目现场和工厂各方之间的密切协调是至关重要的，以确保模块的顺利供应到现场，并尽量减少由于现场缺少模块而造成的停机时间。

5.2. Plan for logistics in advance

5.2. 提前做好物流计划

The method statements and risk assessments for lifting, installing and storing (if applicable) the modules on site require the builder’s inputs on the capacity of cranes, availability of access platforms on each floor for landing of modules, delivery routes of modules to their designated positions, and other logistics constraints.

现场吊装、安装和储存(如适用)模块的方法陈述和风险评估要求建造者提供以下方面的信息:起重机的能力、每层用于模块着陆的存取平台的可用性、模块到指定位置的运送路线以及其他物流限制。

Delivery of large pump skid and modules that may require traffic escorts should be planned in advance.

需要交通护航的大型泵滑块和模块的交付应该提前计划。

Figure 14: Lifting of modules on site.(Photograph courtesy by DSG Modular)

图14:模块现场吊装。(照片由DSG模块提供)

5.3. Conduct visual inspections of modules delivered to site

5.3. 对交付到现场的模块进行目视检查

Visual inspections should be conducted by an engineer’s representative to ensure there are no defects to the modules during transportation, prior to moving the modules to their designated location for installation.

在将模块移动到指定位置进行安装之前，应由工程师代表进行目视检查，以确保模块在运输过程中没有缺陷。

5.4. Mark and set out modules’ position

5.4.标记和设定模块的位置

The positions of the supporting rods on the modules, as shown in the BIM drawings, can be marked out on the slab soffit or columns using laser marker equipment. This will ensure faster and proper alignment of supporting rods with module frame eyelets as well as connections between modules.

模块上支撑杆的位置，如BIM图纸所示，可以用激光标记设备在板拱或柱上标出。这将确保模块框架孔和模块之间的连接更快和正确的对齐支撑杆。

5.5. Install and connect modules and to the mains

5.5. 安装并连接模块和电源

The installation of MEP modules should be carried out by workers who are familiar with the connection details of the modules, and have been trained by the MEP prefabricators.

MEP模块的安装应由熟悉模块连接细节并经过MEP预制师培训的工人进行。

Figure 15: In Korea, prefabricated MEP modules are connected on the floor at the job site and lifted as a complete module for final installation.

图15:在韩国，预制的MEP模块在现场地板上连接，作为一个完整的模块吊装，最后进行安装。

Synchronised wireless jacks are used to maintain alignment when lifting the module.

(Photograph courtesy of Hyundai Engineering & Construction Pte Ltd)

同步无线千斤顶用于在提升模块时保持对齐。(照片由现代建筑工程有限公司提供)

5.6. Testing and commissioning

5.6.调试

A testing and commissioning plan should be developed and the Qualified Person (QP) or his representative should be present to witness the testing and commissioning of the MEP system.

制定测试和调试计划，并由合格人员(QP)或其代表出席MEP系统的测试和调试。

A distribution system such as full system pressure testing for pipework and air tightness test for ductwork shall be commissioned on site.

分配系统，如管道系统的全系统压力测试和管道系统的气密性测试，应该在现场投入使用。

Commissioning can take place by zones and a full system-wide commissioning should be done when the building envelope is made weather-tight.

调试可以按区域进行，当建筑围护结构做到风雨无阻时，应该进行全系统的调试。

6. ROLES OF DIFFERENT PROJECT PARTIES

6.项目各方的角色

STAGE 1:Tender to engage consultants, builder, subcontractors and MEP prefabricator

第一阶段：招标聘用顾问、建造商、分包商和MEP预制商

Developer开发商

Specify the following tender requirements:

订明下列招标规定:

•Adopt Early Contractor Involvement (ECI) procurement models and decide which party to undertake the scope of full design 

采用早期承包商参与(ECI)采购模式，决定哪一方承担完整设计的范围

• Specify the following upfront in the tender:

在投标书中明确以下内容:

1) A maximum amount of prefabricated MEP modules / system to be incorporated in the tender proposal

投标方案中应包含的最大数量预制MEP模块/系统

2) Proper handover of BIM model in the design value chain

BIM模型在设计价值链中的恰当交接

3) Co-ordinated services drawings (CSD) must be endorsed by relevant project parties prior to production of modules

在生产模组之前，统筹服务图纸必须得到有关项目的认可

Consultant (including architect, structural, MEP etc.)顾问(包括建筑师、结构师、机电工程师等)

Builder总包方

Subcontractor分包方

MEP Prefabricator MEP预制单位

• Consider potential cost increase in the tender bids due to different work activities associated with the prefabricated MEP system where applicable: – Development of detailed BIM models  – Additional resources and time required for collaborative design processes such as adoption of virtual design and construction (VDC)  – Supervision of works at manufacturing facility offsite and project site. 

考虑潜在成本增加在招标投标由于不同工作活动与预制MEP系统相关适用的地方:-开发详细BIM模型所需的额外的资源和时间协同设计过程,如采用虚拟设计与施工(VDC)——在制造设备离线工作,监督项目网站。

• Identify the areas where MEP modules can be applied 

确定MEP模块可以应用的领域

• Review the schedule and deliverables for progress claim certification

检查进度和可交付成果

STAGE 2: Design

第二阶段:设计

Developer

• Embrace the mindset of building virtually before actual construction through BIM and VDC, and allow a longer period for collaborative design 

在通过BIM和VDC进行实际施工之前，要抱着虚拟建造的心态，并允许更长的时间进行协同设计

• Communicate detailed project goals and considerations to the project team thoroughly before finalising the design

在完成设计之前，与项目团队充分沟通详细的项目目标和考虑事项

Consultant (including architect, structural, MEP etc.)

Builder

Subcontractor

MEP Prefabricator

• Establish the time and resources required for the process of VDC including on-site installation processes, design development of prefabricated MEP modules and producing BIM with high level of details

建立VDC过程所需的时间和资源，包括现场安装过程、预制MEP模块的设计开发和高细节的BIM制作

• Establish the cost required for the process

确定该过程所需的成本

• Collaborate closely to develop the design to ensure the following are achieved: 

紧密合作发展设计，以确保达到以下目标:

– Understanding of workflow and software across firms are aligned 

跨公司对工作流和软件的理解是一致的

– Access routes and headroom clearance for the delivery routes and installation of MEP modules are made available 

提供了运送路线和MEP模块安装的通路和净空

– Maximum streamlining and standardisation in the routing of services 

尽量精简和标准化服务路线

– Maximum productivity improvement and cost efficiency by studying the feasibility of integrating MEP services with other disciplines, e.g. drywall, platform and catwalk 

通过研究将MEP服务与其他学科(如干墙、平台和天桥)整合在一起的可行性，最大限度地提高生产力和提高成本效率

– Ease of production of modules and connections between modules off-site and on site 

易于生产模块和模块之间的连接，在现场和场外

– Access to services within the modules during downstream maintenance is available 

可以在下游维护期间访问模块内的服务

– The MEP design is finalised upfront together with architectural and structural design

MEP设计连同建筑和结构设计一起预先完成

• Develop co-ordinated services drawings (CSD) that are endorsed by the relevant project parties prior to the production of modules

在生产模组前，发展经有关工程项目各方认可的统筹服务图则

STAGE 3:Production of prefabricated MEP modules offsite in a manufacturing facility

第三阶段:在工厂外生产预制的MEP模块

Developer

Consultant (including architect, structural, MEP etc.)

N.A.

Builder

Subcontractor

• Workers might need to be deployed at the manufacturing facility, depending on the procurement model

根据采购模型，可能需要在制造工厂部署工人

• Obtain endorsement from the Professional Engineer on both the structural design of the module as well as the installation support of the module to the building’s soffit. This should also include any other services that are attached to the respective modules.

在模块的结构设计以及模块到建筑物拱腹的安装支持方面获得专业工程师的认可。这还应该包括附加到各个模块的任何其他服务。

MEP Prefabricator

• Engage detail-oriented personnel trained in BIM to develop production drawings of MEP modules based on  the CSD

让经过BIM培训的注重细节的人员根据CSD开发MEP模块的生产图纸

• Equip manufacturing facility with adequate space for fabrication and storage of modules, and necessary tools and equipment such as jigs and welding machine

• Maintain minimum inventory of frequentlyused and pre-approved materials such as cable trays, conduits, pipes/ fittings etc. to ensure no disruption due to shortage of materials

配备制造设备，有足够的空间制造和储存模块，必要的工具和设备，如夹具和焊机

• Production should comply with a robust quality assurance and control plan which includes factory acceptance tests on individual modules and integrated modules

生产应遵守严格的质量保证和控制计划，包括对单个模块和集成模块的工厂验收测试。

• An engineer’s representative should be deployed before production to verify the tests and inspections.

生产前应部署工程师代表，验证测试和检查。

STAGE 4: Construction on site

第四阶段:现场施工

Developer

Consultant (including architect, structural, MEP etc.)

N.A.

Builder

Subcontractor

MEP Prefabricator

• Work closely to ensure just-in-time delivery of modules to project site

密切合作，确保模块及时交付到项目现场

• Install modules on site and integrate systems

在现场安装模块并整合系统

• Provide accurate site measurements for prefabrication of interfacing between modules and elements of the building structure, if applicable

为模块和建筑结构元素之间的接口预制提供准确的现场测量(如果适用)

STAGE 5: Overall testing and commissioning of services

第五阶段:服务的整体测试和试运行

Developer

N.A.

Consultant (including architect, structural, MEP etc.)

Consultant and their site team to oversee the testing and commissioning (T&C) of services.

顾问和他们的现场团队监督测试和调试(T&C)服务。

Builder

Subcontractor

• Conduct testing and commissioning of services according to the performance requirements and regulations

根据性能要求和规定进行服务的测试和调试

• Rectify defects

消除故障

MEP Prefabricator

• Provide maintenance manual to developer containing guidance for facilities maintenance team on the following:

i. How to access and maintain the services within the modules

ii. Dos’ and don’ts  compared to conventional  installation

向开发人员提供维护手册，包括设施维护团队在以下方面的指导:

如何访问和维护模块ii中的服务。

与常规安装相比，应做和不应做的事情

7. OVERSEAS AND LOCAL PROJECTS

7.海外及本地项目案例

7.1. Crossrail Tottenham Court Road Station

7.1. 托特纳姆法院路十字铁路站

Figure 16: Crossrail Tottenham Court Road Station (Photograph courtesy of Laing O’Rourke)

图16:托特纳姆法院道横线站(图片由Laing O ‘Rourke提供)

7.1.1. Background

7.1.1.背景

Tottenham Court Road is one of the most complex stations in London as it is in the heart of London’s most popular shopping and entertainment areas, as well as the interchange of two Underground lines and numerous bus routes.

托特纳姆法院路是伦敦最复杂的车站之一，因为它位于伦敦最受欢迎的购物和娱乐区域的中心，也是两条地铁线路和众多公交线路的交汇处。

Laing O’Rourke undertook the structural, building and MEP works for the new station since 2012. The project involved major structural work and fit-out of the station’s Western Ticket Hall, station tunnels and Goslett Yard box, which links the new Crossrail station to Tottenham Court Road Underground station.

Laing O’rourke自2012年起承担了新车站的结构、建筑和环保工作。该项目包括车站西部售票大厅、车站隧道和连接新Crossrail车站和Tottenham Court Road地铁站的Goslett Yard box的主要结构和装修。

Tottenham Court Road Crossrail station is directly connected to the neighbouring tube station allowing passengers to move seamlessly between Crossrail and London Underground services.

托特纳姆法院路十字铁路站直接连接到附近的地铁站，使乘客可以无缝地在十字铁路和伦敦地铁服务之间移动。

The total length of its station platforms is 220 metres.

站台总长220米。

7.1.2. Motivation for adopting prefabricated MEP modules

7.1.2. 采用预制MEP模块的动机

The adoption of prefabricated MEP modules improved safety on site, as workers have less exposure to high-risk work environments such as tunnels 25 to 30 metres below ground. Prefabrication of MEP modules also enables better quality control and workmanship in a conducive and controlled factory environment.

采用预制的MEP模块提高了现场的安全性，因为工人较少暴露在高风险的工作环境中，比如地下25到30米的隧道。MEP模块的预制也能在一个有利的、可控的工厂环境中实现更好的质量控制和工艺。

7.1.3. MEP modules adopted

7.1.3. MEP模块实施

a) Vertical riser modules comprising air conditioning ductwork, drainage, fire mains riser pipework and cable management systems (ladder racks)

a)垂直立管模块，包括空调管道系统、排水系统、消防水管立管系统和电缆管理系统(梯子架)

b) Horizontal ceiling modules comprising cable trunking, cable tray and fire mains pipework. (The cables are pulled after installation of the modules on site)

b)水平天花板模块，包括电缆槽、电缆托盘和消防水管。(模块现场安装后拉缆)

Figure 17 (Top): Hoisting of vertical riser module. (Photograph courtesy of Laing O’Rourke)

图17(上):垂直提升管模块的提升。(照片由莱因·奥洛克提供)

Figure 18 (Top): Prefabricated modules in the services tunnel.(Photograph courtesy of Laing O’Rourke)

图18(顶部):服务隧道中的预制模块。(照片由莱因·奥洛克提供)

7.1.4. Design and installation

7.1.4. 设计及安装

The specialist MEP contractor developed the detailed BIM based on the model provided by the consultant. The MEP specialist contractor also designed the supports and frames, which was reviewed and endorsed by a structural engineer.

MEP专业承包商根据顾问提供的模型开发了详细的BIM。MEP专业承包商还设计了支撑和框架，并由一名结构工程师审核和认可。

Just-in-time concept was adopted due to space constraints on site. The programme co-ordination ensured that the MEP design was sufficiently developed to allow detailing of the services in the modules. A typical lead time of 12 weeks for prefabrication of modules was incorporated into the construction schedule to ensure that the modules were delivered to site on time. Depending on the services, the tests on some systems were carried out at the factory.

由于现场空间的限制，采用了准时制的概念。项目协调确保MEP设计充分发展，允许模块中服务的细节。模块预制的典型交货周期为12周，已纳入施工计划，以确保模块准时交付到现场。根据服务的不同，一些系统的测试是在工厂进行的。

Cranes, tower or mobile cranes were used to hoist the large risers on site. Pallet trucks and site lifters were used to lift the modules to the ceiling for installation. The modules included services under the scope of works by system-wide contractors. Besides installation of modules on site, Laing O’Rourke also put the cables under the scope of works by system-wide contractors, e.g. communications system.

现场使用起重机、塔式起重机或移动式起重机吊起大型立管。使用托盘车和现场升降机将模块吊到天花板进行安装。这些单元包括全系统承办商工程范围内的服务。除了现场安装模块外，Laing O ‘Rourke也将电缆纳入全系统承包商的工程范围内，例如通讯系统。

7.1.5. Similar practices as traditional projects

7.1.5. 类似于传统项目的做法

Despite the differences in project milestones and methods of installation of MEP services, some of the practices in traditional projects, such as structural requirements of the main building structure, tracing liability and resolving system issues during testing and commissioning, are still applicable to Crossrail Tottenham Court Road station project which adopted prefabricated MEP modules.

尽管差异项目里程碑和议员的安装服务的方法,传统的一些实践项目,如结构性需求的主要建筑结构,跟踪测试和调试期间责任和解决系统问题,还适用于横木托特纳姆法院路站项目,采用预制议员模块。

Artist’s impression courtesy of Global Switch

由Global Switch提供的艺术家印象

7.2. Global Switch Data Centre, a six-storey project in Woodlands, Singapore

7.2. 全球交换数据中心，一个位于新加坡伍德兰的六层楼高的项目

7.2.1 Motivation for adopting prefabricated MEP modules

7.2.1 采用预制MEP模块的动机

The data centre project involved extensive and complex MEP systems. In order to meet the high quality standards required by Global Switch as well as a tight project schedule, prefabricated MEP modules were used for this project as the conventional way of MEP system construction could not meet these requirements.

数据中心项目涉及广泛而复杂的MEP系统。为了满足Global Switch对高质量的要求和紧凑的项目进度，本项目采用了预制的MEP模块，传统的MEP系统建设方式无法满足这些要求。

The prefabricated MEP systems not only improved the quality of the finished product, but also increased on-site trade productivity by up to 70%.

预制的MEP系统不仅提高了成品的质量，还将现场贸易生产率提高了70%。

Figure 19 (Right): Workers on site connecting the services between modules through the working access space provided within the module. (Photograph courtesy of Gammon Pte. Limited)

图19(右):现场工人通过模块内提供的工作访问空间连接模块之间的服务。(照片由Gammon Pte. Limited提供)

7.2.2. MEP modules adopted

7.2.2.MEP模块实施

a) Chiller plant room modules comprising pump modules and high-level horizontal piping modules

a)冷水机机房模块，包括泵模块和高水平管道模块

b) Cooling tower modules and roof service modules

b)冷却塔模块和屋顶服务模块

c) Underfloor service modules

c)地下服务模块

d) FCU and AHU modules

d) FCU和AHU模块

e) Corridor horizontal modules

e)走廊水平模块

f) Vertical riser modules

f)垂直立管模块

g) External services around the building modules

g)围绕构建模块的外部服务

Figure 20: Modules pre-assembled in the factory

图20:在工厂预组装的模块

1) Plant module 厂房模块

2) Corridor horizontal module 走廊水平模块

3) Vertical riser module垂直立管模块

(Photograph courtesy of Gammon Pte. Limited)

(照片由Gammon Pte. Limited提供)

7.2.3 Design, manufacturing and installation

7.2.3 设计、制造、安装

The main contractor developed the detailed BIM based on the system design by the consultant.

主承建商根据顾问的系统设计开发了详细的BIM。

A MEP prefabrication factory was set up to produce all the modules by the main contractor,while a registered structural engineer was engaged to design the support and frame of the modules. The on-site installation, testing and commissioning of the MEP systems were undertaken by the main contractor and specialists engaged by them.

主承包商建立了一个MEP预制工厂来生产所有模块，同时聘请了一名注册结构工程师来设计模块的支撑和框架。MEP系统的现场安装、测试和调试工作由总承包商和他们聘请的专家承担。

Figure 21: Scope of work by different project parties for MEP modules at the Global Switch Data Centre

图21:Global Switch数据中心的MEP模块的不同项目各方的工作范围

1) Provide schematic design

提供方案设计

2) Develop CSD in BIM, and modularise the services to produce the manufacturing shop drawings

在BIM中开发CSD，并对生产车间图纸的服务进行模块化

3) Fabricate steel frames of prefabricated MEP modules

预制MEP模块的钢框架制作

4) Install the services in the modules

在模块中安装服务

5) Transport and hoist the modules to position for installation

搬运、吊运模块至安装位置

6) Install the modules to building structure via proprietary method

通过专有方式将模块安装到建筑结构上

7) Complete the services in between modules, if required. These may include cabling work e.g. drawing cables through the cable containment system pre-installed in the modules off-site*

如有需要，完成模块之间的服务。这些工作可能包括布线工作，例如通过预装在场外模块中的电缆外壳系统绘制电缆