用专业的眼光传播价值。

包装（packaging）是指物件外部的保护层和装饰，营销型包装侧重策划策略而成为广义的包装。包装是为在流通过程中保护产品，方便储运，促进销售，按一定的技术方法所用的容器、材料和辅助物等的总体名称；也指为达到上述目的在采用容器，材料和辅助物的过程中施加一定技术方法等的操作活动。不同的物件有不同的包装方式和材质，一些容器如盒子等也是专作为包装之用。

I wish u a merry Christmas and happy new year！

在精密设备包装方面

20世纪中后期开始，国际贸易飞速发展，包装已为世界各国所重视，大约90%的商品需经过不同程度、不同类型的包装，包装已成为商品生产和流通过程中不可缺少的重要环节。电子技术、激光技术、微波技术广泛应用于包装工业，包装设计实现了计算机辅助设计（CAD），包装生产也实现机械化与自动化生产。

包装工业和技术的发展，推动了包装科学研究和包装学的形成。包装学科涵概物理、化学、生物、人文、艺术等多方面知识，属于交叉学科群中的综合科学，它有机地吸收、整合了不同学科的新理论、新材料、新技术和新工艺，从系统工程的观点来解决商品保护、储存、运输及促进销售等流通过程中的综合问题。包装学科的分类比较多样，通常将其分类为包装材料学、包装运输学、包装工艺学、包装设计学、包装管理学、包装装饰学、包装测试学、包装机械学等分学科。中国已有40多所高校开办了包装工程专业，包装人才队伍日益壮大。

Cold-formed steel is widely used in buildings, automobiles, equipment, home and office furniture, utility poles, storage racks, grain bins, highway products, drainage facilities, and bridges. Its popularity can be attributed to ease of mass production and prefabrication, uniform quality, lightweight designs, economy in transportation and handling, and quick and simple erection or installation.

冷弯型钢广泛应用于建筑、汽车、设备、家庭办公家具、电线杆、仓储货架、粮仓、公路产品、排水设施、桥梁等。它的普及可以归因于易于大规模生产和预制，统一的质量，轻量化的设计，运输和装卸的经济，快速和简单的组合或安装。

In building construction, cold-formed steel products can be classified into three categories: members, panels, and prefabricated assemblies. Typical cold-formed steel members such as studs, track, purlins, girts and angles are mainly used for carrying loads while panels and decks constitute useful surfaces such as floors, roofs and walls, in addition to resisting in-plane and out-of-plane surface loads. Prefabricated cold-formed steel assemblies include roof trusses, panelized walls or floors, and other prefabricated structural assemblies. Cold-formed steel possesses a significant market share because of its advantages over other construction materials and the industry-wide support provided by various organizations that promote cold-formed steel research and products, including codes and standards development that is spearheaded by the American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI). 

在建筑施工中，冷弯型钢产品可以分为三类:构件、面板和预制组件。典型的冷弯型钢构件，如螺柱、轨道、檩条、梁和角钢主要用于承载荷载，而面板和甲板构成有用的表面，如地板、屋顶和墙壁，除了抵抗平面内和平面外的表面荷载。预制冷弯型钢组件包括屋顶桁架、镶板墙或地板，以及其他预制结构组件。由于冷弯型钢相对于其他建筑材料的优势，以及由促进冷弯型钢研究和产品的各种组织提供的全行业支持，包括由美国钢铁协会(AISI)牵头的规范和标准开发，冷弯型钢占有重要的市场份额。

Cold-formed steel applications can be traced back as early as the 1850s in both the United States and Great Britain. In the late 1920s and early 1930s, cold formed steel entered the building construction arena with products manufactured by a handful of fabricators. Although these products were successful in performance, they faced difficulties with acceptance for two reasons: (1) there was no standard design methodology available, and (2) cold-formed steel was not included in the building codes at that time. Many of the cold-formed steel applications were unable to be used due to the lack of design methodology and product recognition.

在美国和英国，冷弯型钢的应用可以追溯到19世纪50年代。在20世纪20年代末和30年代初，冷弯型钢进入了建筑建筑领域，其产品由少数制造商生产。尽管这些产品在性能上是成功的，但由于两个原因，它们面临着难以接受的困难:(1)没有可用的标准设计方法，(2)当时冷弯型钢没有包括在建筑规范中。由于缺乏设计方法和产品认可，许多冷弯型钢应用程序无法使用。

Cold-formed steel products are shaped at ambient temperatures from steel sheet, strip plate or flat bars by roll-forming machines, press brakes or bending brake operations. They can be produced in large quantity and at high speed with consistent quality. A typical automated rolling machine can run at a speed range of 75-400 feet per minute, and the products can be as small as a three-quarter inch wide cold-rolled channel section to as big as a thirty-six inch wide roof deck section.

冷弯型钢产品是在环境温度下由钢板、带材或扁钢通过滚压成型机、压闸机或弯闸机操作成型的。它们可以大批量、高速度、高质量地生产。一台典型的自动卷板机可以以每分钟75-400英尺的速度运行，产品可以小到3 / 4英寸宽的冷轧槽段，大到36英寸宽的屋顶甲板段。