ganggouren
本文转自THE B1M。内容是关于预制建筑的一个特别报道。包含大量对装配式建筑发展障碍思考以及对未来的展望，探讨内容包含模块化（他们叫体积建筑）、大板装配式、以及部件装配式，该文章发表于2019年8月28日，文末有原文链接。中文为机器翻译，能凑合看个大概意思，别较真~
The B1M is the world’s most subscribed-to video channel for construction. Over 18 million people watch our videos each month.
We inspire a better industry by sharing knowledge and expertise with a mass audience. We attract the best talent by showing construction at its best to millions.
B1M是世界上订阅人数最多的建筑视频频道。每月有超过1800万人观看我们的视频。
我们通过与大众分享知识和专业知识来激励一个更好的行业。我们通过向数百万人展示建筑最好的一面来吸引最优秀的人才。
正文
In our first ever special report, The B1M’s co-founder Fred Mills explores the rise of “offsite manufacturing” and its impact on the construction sector. Produced over the past 12 months, the film is the longest form content production by The B1M to date and features Fred investigating the challenges and opportunities of offsite approaches with leading industry figures.
在我们的第一个特别报道中，B1M 联合创始人Fred Mills探讨了非现场制造的兴起及其对建筑业的影响。这部电影在过去12个月里制作，是B1M迄今为止最长的形式内容制作，片中弗雷德与行业领先人物调查了场外方法的挑战和机遇。
THE construction industry shapes our world.
建筑业塑造了我们的世界。
From the buildings that we call home to our work places, the roads and railway lines that we travel on, the infrastructure that enables transportation and generates our power, and the environments where we nurture, the construction sector has a fundamental impact on every aspect of our society.
从我们称之为家的建筑到我们工作的地方，从我们旅行的道路和铁路，从我们创造交通和发电的基础设施，到我们培育的环境，建筑业对我们社会的方方面面都有着根本的影响。
For centuries, the way we build our world has remained largely unchanged. We use many of the same materials and processes. We still build a prototype structure in its final location, on a site that is always unique, at the mercy of our surroundings and the elements.
几个世纪以来，我们建造世界的方式基本上没有改变。我们使用了许多相同的材料和工艺。我们仍然在它的最终位置建立一个原型结构，在一个总是独特的地点，在我们的环境和元素的支配下。
Though, the concept of developing structures away from their sites is nothing new, our changing cultures, rapidly expanding population, shifting workforce demographics and ever more technological world, are now heralding a new dawn for the concept of offsite techniques and seeing take a decided shift toward the world of manufacturing.
不过,发展预制建筑并不是什么新鲜事,我们改变文化,迅速膨胀的人口,转移劳动力人口和更多的技术世界,正预示着一个新的黎明离线技术的概念,看到决定转向制造业的世界。
So, could these approaches truly transform construction? Could they improve quality, cut costs and raise productivity, while helping us tackle issues like the lack of skills coming into the sector and the housing crises facing many nations? And why, if the benefits are so compelling, have we not seen widespread uptake to date?
那么，这些方法真的能改变建筑业吗?他们能否提高质量、削减成本和提高生产率，同时帮助我们解决行业缺乏技能和许多国家面临的住房危机等问题?如果这些好处如此引人注目，为什么我们至今还没有看到广泛的应用?
PROTOTYPES EVERYTIME
每次都是原型技术
Unlike almost every other sector that delivers physical products to its customers and end users, construction creates unique products, in unique outdoor locations every time it delivers.
与向客户和最终用户交付实物产品的几乎所有其他行业不同，建筑业每次交付时都在独特的户外地点创造独特的产品。
While some buildings and structures can be constructed repetitively using the same designs and materials – such as restaurants, hotels or prisons – no two sites are identical. As such, the industry is in effect always delivering prototype products for its customers, while striving to achieve quality, efficiency and a safe working environment without disrupting surrounding communities.
虽然一些建筑和结构可以使用相同的设计和材料重复建造，例如餐馆、旅馆或监狱，但没有两个地点是完全相同的。因此，该行业实际上一直在为客户提供原型产品，同时努力实现质量、效率和安全的工作环境，而不破坏周围的社区。
Above: Construction delivers for its customers by creating unique products, in unique outdoor locations.建筑通过在独特的户外位置创造独特的产品，为客户提供服务。
Approaching the design and construction process with an offsite mindset that is much closer to the concept of manufacturing, enables work to be moved away from the unique challenges of each job site and into controlled conditions.
以一种更接近于制造概念的非现场思维方式来处理设计和施工过程，可以将工作从每个工作现场的独特挑战转移到受控条件中。
Here, economies of scale can be achieved through production lines that embrace automation and use standardised elements.
在这里，规模经济可以通过采用自动化和使用标准化元素的生产线来实现。
By having teams focused on producing specific aspects of a building component, repeatedly, under the same conditions, productivity can be increased and quality can be substantially improved reducing the number of defects in the completed building.
通过让团队专注于在相同的条件下重复地生成构建组件的特定方面，生产力可以得到提高，质量也可以得到显著的提高，减少已完成的构建中的缺陷数量。
There is also the benefit of reducing time spent on site where the costs of providing temporary power, accommodation and facilities can quickly add-up and where the potential for disruption is high.
此外，在提供临时电力、住宿和基础设施的成本可能会迅速增加，而且中断的可能性很高的地方，还可以减少在现场花费的时间。
While some of these time and cost savings are of course off-set or occasionally even cancelled-out by other elements of the process, the benefits of moving away from the site environment are still compelling.
虽然这些节省的时间和成本当然会被过程中的其他因素部分抵消，有时甚至会被完全抵消，但是预制建筑工作环境的好处仍然是引人注目的。
Above: The B1M’s Fred Mills talking to Mark Farmer, Chief Executive of Cast Consultancy, about offsite techniques.B1M的弗雷德•米尔斯(Fred Mills)与咨询公司Cast首席执行官马克•法默(Mark Farmer)谈到了场外技术。
Quite aside from the advantages in delivery, offsite approaches appear to provide attractive solutions to a number of the challenges currently facing our wider society.
除了交付方面的优势之外，异地方式似乎也为我们的社会所面临的一系列挑战提供了有吸引力的解决方案。
These techniques could allow housing to be delivered more rapidly in high-density urban areas, helping to tackle the housing crises currently facing many developed nations. They could also enable the fast construction of infrastructure projects, enabling new and emerging communities to grow and flourish.
这些技术可以使住房在高密度的城市地区更迅速地提供，有助于解决许多发达国家目前面临的住房危机。它们还可以促进基础设施项目的快速建设，使新兴社区得以发展和繁荣。
An underlying contributor to the housing crisis currently facing the United Kingdom (UK) is a lack of skilled operatives entering the construction workforce. Offsite approaches could reduce the demand for labour capable of constructing homes with traditional methods.
英国目前面临的住房危机的一个根本原因是进入建筑行业的熟练工人缺乏。异地方法可以减少对能用传统方法建造房屋的劳动力的需求。
TAKING WORKS AWAY FROM SITE
将工作移出工地
The extent to which works are taken away from construction sites varies significantly.
工程从建筑工地移走的程度差别很大（也就是预制率）。
At one end of the spectrum, volumetric solutions create entire enclosed spaces in a factory and then deliver those to site for installation or assembly with other similar elements. Some buildings may incorporate a degree of volumetric construction in the form of bathroom pods or plant spaces.
在一个极端，模块化解决方案在工厂中创建整个封闭空间，然后将这些模块交付到现场安装或与其他类似的元素组装。一些建筑可能会以浴室或植物空间的形式结合成一定程度的模块。
Conversely, non-volumetric systems are large elements of a building or structure that are pre-fabricated before being brought to site.
相反地，非模块系统是建筑或结构的大元素，在被带到现场之前是预制的。
Panelised systems such as cross laminated timber (CLT) or structurally insulated panel systems (known as SIPS) fall into this category. As do unitised facades and large pre-cast concrete elements.
镶板系统，如交叉层压木材(CLT)或结构绝缘板系统(称为SIPS)属于这一类。预制的立面和大型预制混凝土元素也是如此。
Above: The B1M’s Fred Mills (right) exploring SIPS manufacture with Pete Blunt (left) at Innovare Systems’ factory in Coventry, UK.
B1M的弗雷德·米尔斯(右)和皮特·布朗特(左)在英国考文垂的Innovare Systems工厂探索小酒杯的制造。
Finally, component-based approaches take the concept to a far more granular level, effectively creating a “kit of parts” and drawing on a series of pre-determined items that can be produced, delivered to site, installed, operated and maintained with ease.
最后，基于组件的方法将概念带到了一个更细粒度的层次，有效地创建一个“部件套件”，并利用一系列预先确定的项目，可以轻松地生产、交付到现场，安装、操作和维护。
GLOBAL ADOPTION
全球适用
Around the world, numerous countries, governments, organisations and suppliers have embraced offsite approaches.
在世界各地，许多国家、政府、组织和供应商都采用了场外方式。
In Singapore, the country’s construction regulator has introduced a mandatory target that 65% of high-rise building superstructures should use prefabricated pre-finished modular construction.
在新加坡，该国的建筑监管机构已经引入了一项强制性目标，即65%的高层建筑上部结构应该使用预制预制模块结构。
The project team working on the Crowne Plaza Hotel extension at Singapore’s Changi Airport, claim that embracing this approach reduced the number of operatives on site by 40% and brought the time to construct a floor down from two to four weeks to just four days.
负责新加坡樟宜机场皇冠假日酒店扩建工程的项目团队声称，采用这种方法可以减少40%的施工人员，并将一层楼的施工时间从2至4周缩短至4天。
The country’s emerging Canberra Drive development – consisting of eight mid-rise blocks – is reportedly the world’s largest modular construction project.
据报道，澳大利亚新兴的堪培拉驱动发展项目(Canberra Drive development)是世界上最大的模块化建筑项目。
Above: Assembly of the Crowne Plaza Hotel extension at Changi Airport in Singapore.
新加坡樟宜机场皇冠假日酒店扩建工程的总装。
In Australia, Hickory Group used prefabricated elements to construct Melbourne’s 60 storey Collins House, improving quality, reducing programme duration and overcoming the logistical challenges presented by the 12.5-metre wide site.
在澳大利亚，Hickory集团使用预制构件建造了墨尔本60层的Collins住宅，提高了质量，缩短了项目工期，并克服了12.5米宽场地带来的后勤挑战。
Hickory adopted similar approaches on the city’s La Trobe Tower.
Hickory在城市的La Trobe塔楼上采用了类似的方法。
In the United States, Factory OS recognise the benefits of embracing a manufacturing mindset and market their volumetric solution as the answer to housing demand and the lack of skilled workers entering the workforce.
在美国，工厂操作系统认识到拥抱制造业思维的好处，并将其模块解决方案作为住房需求和缺乏熟练工人进入劳动力市场的答案。
In a similar vein, the slickly-presented Katerra are taking long established panelised and component-based construction approaches but delivering them through a business that they claim is highly technology orientated, deliberately employing expertise from beyond the construction sector to drive innovation.
与此类似，巧手的Katerra正在采用由来已久的镶板和基于组件的施工方法，但它们是通过一个他们声称高度技术化的业务来实现的，有意利用建筑业以外的专业知识来推动创新。
UK UPTAKE
英国发展情况
Offsite approaches have also been employed across the UK market for several decades. Indeed, the concept first came to prominence after the Second World War, when the country rebuilt large portions of its building stock.
几十年来，英国市场也一直采用场外方法。事实上，这个概念是在第二次世界大战之后，当这个国家重建了大量的建筑存量时才开始突出。
Particularly notable projects in recent times include London’s 23 storey Creekside Wharf which is formed from volumetric modular units and the vast Alder Hey hospital which extensively embraced offsite fabrication techniques.
最近特别引人注目的项目包括伦敦23层的溪边码头，由体积模块化单元组成，以及广泛采用场外制造技术的巨大Alder Hey医院。
On the horizon, manufacturing approaches are being explored on some of the UK’s most significant projects, including the new nuclear power station at Hinkley Point and Heathrow Airport’s third runway.
在未来，英国一些最重要的项目正在探索制造方法，包括欣克利角(Hinkley Point)的新核电站和希思罗机场(Heathrow Airport)的第三条跑道。
On the surface, the UK is seemingly well-served by firms with offsite capabilities.
从表面上看，英国似乎被那些拥有预制能力的公司服务得很好。
At the volumetric end of the spectrum, established businesses such as McAvoy, Elliott, Caledonian, Elements Europe and others support the delivery of numerous projects across the country.
在模块化方面，McAvoy、Elliott、Caledonian、Elements Europe等知名企业为全国各地的众多项目提供支持。
Above: Pre-assembled volumetric units by Elements Europe being craned into place on a UK construction site (image courtesy of Elements Europe).
由欧洲元素公司(Elements Europe)预先组装的体积单元被吊装到英国建筑工地(图片由欧洲元素公司提供)。
Other more specialised volumetric providers have found niches in areas where factory-controlled production is almost essential. Connect 2 Cleanrooms, for example, create modular clean rooms that meet infection control standards and service a number of sectors.
其他更专业的模块建筑供应商已经在工厂控制生产几乎必不可少的领域找到了自己的定位。例如，连接2个洁净室，创建符合感染控制标准的模块化洁净室，为多个部门提供服务。
Meanwhile in the non-volumetric arena, businesses like Innovare Systems produce panelised building elements that can serve a wide variety of building typologies, across a spectrum of different sites.
与此同时，在非模块领域，像Innovare Systems这样的企业生产的嵌板建筑元素可以跨越不同的场地，服务于各种各样的建筑类型。
Above and Below: Hobhouse Court in London, UK. Panelised systems offer a high degree of adaptability, without compromising architecture. (images courtesy of Brisac Gonzalez [above] and Innovare Systems [below]).
英国伦敦霍布豪斯法院。嵌板系统提供了高度的适应性，而不影响建筑。(图片由Brisac Gonzalez(上图)和Innovare Systems(下图)提供)。
At general contractor level, notable forward thinkers include Kier Group who have actively embraced offsite concepts on a number of projects and Laing O’Rourke, who claim that their Explore Industrial Park is the most automated concrete products facility in Europe.
在总承包商层面，著名的前瞻性思想家包括Kier集团，他们积极地在一些项目中采纳了场外概念，Laing O’rourke，他们声称他们的Explore工业园区是欧洲最自动化的混凝土产品设施。
While many of these businesses have served the UK industry for several decades, it is only recently that excitement around the potential to mass manufacture buildings – and in particular homes – has increased, largely as the country’s population has steadily grown, as the housing crisis has begun to bite, as the build-to-rent market has risen and as the construction sector begins to feel the effects of a severe skills shortage.
尽管其中许多公司沿用英国几十年来,直到最近,兴奋在潜在的大规模生产建筑——特别是住宅增加了,主要是这个国家的人口在持续增长,住房危机已经开始咬,build-to-rent市场上升,随着建筑业开始感到严重的技能短缺的影响。
Successfully answering these challenges with a mass-production solution is a seemingly alluring prize that has driven the creation of several new ventures and investment decisions.
通过大规模生产解决方案成功应对这些挑战似乎是一个诱人的奖励，推动了几家新企业的创建和投资决策的制定。
Housing association Swan have opened a modular factory in Basildon, while Berkeley Homes have begun developing modular solutions at their facility in Kent and Ilke Homes have invested in a factory in Harrogate.
Swan住房协会在Basildon开设了一个模块化工厂，而Berkeley Homes已经开始在肯特郡的工厂开发模块化解决方案，Ilke Homes在哈罗盖特投资了一个工厂。
Underlining the appeal, financial services giant Legal and General are now entering the market with their modular homes offering– attempting to address the country’s housing crisis by constructing a vast factory near Leeds. Though currently only part-utilised, the facility is expected to steadily scale-up production in the coming years.
金融服务巨头Legal and General现在正带着他们的模块化住宅进入市场，试图通过在利兹附近建造一个大型工厂来解决该国的住房危机。尽管目前只有部分使用，但预计该工厂将在未来几年稳步扩大生产规模。
Above: The ability to mass produce buildings, and in particular homes, is a seemingly an alluring prize that has driven numerous new ventures and investments.
大规模生产建筑，特别是住宅的能力，似乎是一个诱人的奖励，推动了许多新的风险和投资。
However, despite this surge in interest, last year just 1% of new homes in the UK were manufactured offsite.
然而，尽管人们的兴趣激增，去年英国只有1%的新房子是在工厂外制造的。
If the benefits are so compelling and the industry is seemingly almost over-served by suppliers, why are we not seeing a widespread shift to an offsite manufacturing mindset in UK construction, and in particular in the housebuilding sector?
如果好处如此引人注目，而且该行业几乎被供应商过度服务，为什么我们没有看到英国建筑业普遍转移到异地制造思维，特别是在住房建筑领域?
For decades a number of factors have held us back.
几十年来，许多因素阻碍了我们的发展。
THE BARRIERS
障碍
Firstly, at a cultural level, the construction industry is notoriously resistant to change and the methods used to construct many of today’s buildings and infrastructure have remained fundamentally unchanged for centuries.
首先，在文化层面上，建筑业是出了名的不愿意改变的，许多今天的建筑和基础设施的建造方法几个世纪以来一直基本没有改变。
If that cultural barrier were not significant enough, we live in a society where standardisation is celebrated and even desired in areas, but where the vast majority of consumers seek a bespoke building or home. This is in notable contrast to some other cultures around the world, where offsite manufacturing techniques and modular homes have thrived.
如果说这种文化障碍还不够严重的话，那么我们生活在一个推崇甚至渴望在某些地区实现标准化的社会中，但绝大多数消费者都在寻找定制的建筑或住宅。这与世界上其他一些文化形成了鲜明的对比，在这些文化中，非现场制造技术和模块化住宅蓬勃发展。
In the UK, many consumers perceive the term “offsite” to mean low quality, boxy looking modular buildings or homes that lack character or architectural appeal, and the country’s Grenfell Tower disaster has hardened views around the importance of building quality.
在英国，许多消费者认为“场外”一词意味着低质量、四四方方的模块化建筑或缺乏个性或建筑吸引力的住宅。英国格伦费尔大厦(Grenfell Tower)的灾难强化了人们对建筑质量重要性的看法。
These preconceptions are reinforced by mortgage lenders and insurance firms who have been wary of backing such schemes in the past, dissuading consumers and developers alike.
抵押贷款机构和保险公司加强了这些先入为主的观念，他们过去一直对支持这类计划持谨慎态度，劝阻消费者和开发商。
Several examples of attractive, modular architecture have emerged over the years only to fall from favour again as trends progress.
多年来，一些有吸引力的模块化架构的例子已经出现，但随着趋势的发展，它们再次失宠。
Within the industry, some project teams have experienced low quality offsite solutions or discovered that cost savings are merely offset elsewhere.
在行业内，一些项目团队经历过低质量的非现场解决方案，或者发现节省的成本仅仅被其他地方抵消了。
Others lament the “transporting of air” that some volumetric systems require or that any value achieved is not always passed on in a sector where margins are infamously low.
另一些人则抱怨某些模块系统需要“运输空气”，或者在一个利润率低得可耻的行业，所实现的任何价值并不总是能够传递出去。
The use of off-the-shelf, customisable volumetric solutions has also proven difficult to apply at scale across the wide variety of physical sites that the construction industry contends with.
使用现成的、可定制的模块建筑解决方案也被证明难以大规模地应用于建筑行业所面临的各种各样的物理场所。
Above: The construction sector works across a broad variety of physical sites.
建筑部门在各种各样的物理场地上工作。
Conversely, panelised solutions have performed better, able to adapt to different footprints and site constraints, blending the benefits of standardisation, with a sufficient degree of adaptability.
相反，面板解决方案表现得更好，能够适应不同的足迹和场地限制，融合了标准化的好处，具有足够的适应性。
The extent to which true “manufacturing” approaches have been adopted across the UK sector is also highly varied. While many use the terminology, the degree of automation, efficiency and scale within UK offsite production facilities is on a broad, sliding scale.
英国整个行业采用真正的“制造业”方法的程度也非常不同。虽然很多人使用这个术语，但英国场外生产设施的自动化程度、效率和规模是一个广泛的、滑动的规模。
In addition to these barriers, driving ultimate value from offsite manufacturing relies on planning and designing for such an approach from the outset; a challenging task in an industry where contracts and procurement routes are geared towards the engagement of suppliers in the later stages of development.
除了这些障碍之外，要从场外制造中获得最终价值，还需要从一开始就为这种方法进行规划和设计;在一个合同和采购路线都是面向开发后期供应商参与的行业中，这是一项具有挑战性的任务。
PANELISED POTENTIAL
大板装配式的潜力
I saw the potential of panelised systems up close when I visited Innovare Systems’ factory in Coventry, UK, and spoke to their MD, Pete Blunt.
当我参观了Innovare systems在英国考文垂的工厂，并与他们的总经理皮特•布朗特交谈时，我近距离看到了镶板系统的潜力。
While volumetric modular solutions are fantastic for certain purposes and clearly deliver value in their core markets, panelised systems appear to offer the benefits of standardisation and manufacturing, while offering the adaptability and versatility needed to meet our desire for unique buildings and the scope of sites that the industry works upon.
虽然体积模块化解决方案非常适合特定的目的和明确交付价值在其核心市场,似乎panelised系统提供标准化和生产的好处,同时也满足我们所需的适应性和通用性渴望独特的建筑和行业网站工作的范围。
Above and Below: The B1M’s Fred Mills visiting Pete Blunt at Innovare Systems in Coventry, UK.
BIM的弗雷德·米尔斯拜访了英国考文垂Innovare系统公司的皮特·布朗特。
I was struck by the capabilities of Innovare and their ability to serve the industry well with their adaptable solution, today. The sluggish uptake that Blunt describes in the film seemingly stems from the barriers outlined above.
我被Innovare的能力以及他们在今天用其适应性强的解决方案为行业提供良好服务的能力所打动。布朗特在影片中描述的缓慢吸收似乎源于上述障碍。
COMPONENT-BASED APPROACHES
基于组件的方法
When considering the extent of automated manufacturing employed in the aerospace and automotive industries, it is easy to see how the ultimate value promised by offsite manufacturing could lie in component-based systems; solutions that break buildings and structures down to their simplest ingredients and build from a pre-determined kit-of-parts, sustainably sourced from localised supply chains.
当考虑到航空航天和汽车工业自动化制造的程度时，很容易看到场外制造所承诺的最终价值可能在于基于组件的系统;解决方案将建筑物和结构分解成最简单的成分，并从预先确定的零部件套件中构建，可持续地从本地供应链中采购。
Like panelised systems, this could give us the benefits of standardisation, while providing a sufficient degree of adaptability to meet site and planning constraints.
就像嵌板系统一样，这可以给我们带来标准化的好处，同时提供足够的适应性来满足场地和规划的限制。
UK-based integrated design and operations consultancy Bryden Wood, together with their partners, appear to lead the world in this area.
总部位于英国的综合设计和运营咨询公司Bryden Wood及其合作伙伴似乎在这一领域处于世界领先地位。
Above: The B1M’s Fred Mills visiting Bryden Wood’s Jaimie Johnston at the Construction Platforms Research Centre.
B1M的弗雷德·米尔斯在建筑平台研究中心拜访了布莱登伍德的杰米·约翰斯顿。
Having analysed the array of buildings constructed by the UK Government over recent years – from prisons and military accommodation to hospitals and schools – their teams have identified the core components found in almost every structure and used them to develop a series of “platforms” to build from.
他们分析了英国政府近年来建造的一系列建筑——从监狱、军事宿舍到医院和学校——他们的团队确定了几乎所有建筑的核心部件，并利用它们开发了一系列“平台”来建造。
From there, they have explored how best to manufacture those components using high levels of automation to drive quality and productivity.
在那里，他们探索了如何利用高水平的自动化来最好地生产这些组件，以提高质量和生产率。
Concurrently, their teams have also identified building components that could be produced by low-skilled workers, helping to overcome the severe lack of skilled operatives entering the workforce.
与此同时，他们的团队也确定了可以由低技能工人生产的建筑组件，帮助克服了进入劳动力市场的技术工人严重缺乏的问题。
Above: Fred Mills and Jaimie Johnston at the Construction Platforms Research Centre.
弗雷德·米尔斯和杰米·约翰斯顿在建筑平台研究中心报道。
Trialling this with the UK’s Ministry of Justice at a Prison Industries prototyping facility proved highly successful, with prisoners able to construct a complete two storey block after limited training.
英国司法部在监狱工业原型设施进行的试验证明非常成功，囚犯们在有限的培训后就能够建造一个完整的两层楼的大楼。
The trial significantly improved morale among inmates and saw several prisoners contribute ideas as they engaged with the project.
试验极大地提高了囚犯们的士气，几名囚犯在参与这个项目的过程中献计献策。
Visiting the Construction Platforms Research Centre – a sandbox for trialling concepts before they are potentially scaled and applied to projects – allowed me to see and understand these concepts first hand.
参观了建筑平台研究中心——一个试验概念的沙盒，在它们可能被扩展和应用到项目之前——让我看到和理解了这些概念的第一手资料。
Above: “Low-skilled workers” Fred Mills and Jaimie Johnston attempt to assemble a super-block at the Construction Platforms Research Centre.
“低技能工人”弗雷德·米尔斯和杰米·约翰斯顿试图在建筑平台研究中心组装一个超级积木。
Attempting to construct a “super-block” with Bryden Wood’s Jaimie Johnston showed me just how easy certain building elements could be to put together. With minimal training and after a couple of practice runs over the course of around half an hour, I was soon assembling one of the blocks in 5 minutes flat.
Bryden Wood的杰米·约翰斯顿(Jaimie Johnston)尝试建造一个“超级街区”，向我展示了某些建筑元素是多么容易组合在一起。通过少量的训练，并在大约半小时的时间里进行几次练习，我很快就在5分钟内完成了其中一个模块的组装。
STANDARDISED ADAPTABILTY
标准化的适用性
While offsite approaches have been present but not widely adopted across the UK industry to date, the pressures of our expanding population, housing crisis and severe industry skills shortage, combined with significant advancements in technology, appear to be rapidly advancing the market.
虽然目前已经出现了非现场方法，但尚未在英国行业广泛采用，但人口增长的压力、住房危机和严重的行业技能短缺，加上技术的显著进步，似乎正在迅速推动市场。
The broad spectrum of solutions available – from volumetric systems to SIPS, component manufacture and even 3D printing – all seemingly have their place.
广泛的解决方案-从体积系统到sip，组件制造，甚至3D打印-似乎都有他们的位置。
While customisable volumetric solutions are perfect for a range of requirements, the key to widespread uptake in every area of construction could lie in panelised systems and component-based platforms; solutions that offer higher degrees of adaptability, while retaining the benefits of standardisation and manufacturing.
尽管可定制的模块解决方案非常适合各种需求，但在建筑的每个领域广泛应用的关键可能在于嵌板系统和基于组件的平台;提供更高适应性的解决方案，同时保留标准化和制造的好处。
Above: A number of factors are rapidly advancing the offsite manufacturing market.
许多因素正在迅速推动场外制造市场的发展。
Making our industry more accessible, broadening the talent pool and enabling us to build in a faster, higher quality and more productive way, while also meeting our deep-rooted cultural desire for unique buildings and the challenges that each site presents, is a tall order.
让我们的行业更容易进入，扩大人才库，使我们能够以更快、更高质量和更高效的方式建造，同时满足我们对独特建筑的根深蒂固的文化渴望和每个场地所呈现的挑战，这是一个艰巨的任务。
But from these tough parameters, it appears that much of the innovation and advancements now being made could be about to fundamentally disrupt the way that we chose, design, construct and even think about the built world that surrounds us.
但从这些艰难的参数来看，许多现在正在进行的创新和进步可能会从根本上颠覆我们选择、设计、建造甚至思考我们周围已建造世界的方式。
Documentary hosted by Fred Mills. Background research by Emma Crates. Our thanks to Cast Consultancy, Innovare Systems, Bryden Wood, Easi-Space and the Construction Platforms Research Centre (CPRC) for their involvement.
纪录片由弗雷德·米尔斯主持。Emma Crates的背景研究。我们非常感谢Cast Consultancy、Innovare Systems、Bryden Wood、Easi-Space和建筑平台研究中心(CPRC)的参与。
We welcome you sharing our content to inspire others, but please be nice and play by our rules.
我们欢迎你分享我们的内容来激励别人，但请友好和遵守我们的规则。
