Innovation in Oakland: New Approaches to Building Housing

奥克兰的创新:建造房屋的新方法

Urban Planning Partners is leading research and policy reform related to innovative construction methods for the City of Oakland. Innovative construction methods, such as 3-D printing, offsite construction, new building materials, and even methods that are not yet known, can produce housing more quickly and cost-effectively than traditional, site-built construction. Our team is recommending meaningful, feasible policies and process improvements that the City can implement to fully realize the housing affordability benefits of innovative construction methods. The project will also ensure the City is innovation-ready for future construction techniques that have not been developed yet and that City resources will be used in ways that don’t leave underrepresented groups behind.

城市规划合作伙伴是领先的研究和政策改革相关的创新建设方法，为奥克兰市。创新的施工方法，如3d打印、非现场施工、新型建筑材料，甚至是未知的方法，可以比传统的现场施工更快、更经济有效地建造房屋。我们的团队正在建议有意义的、可行的政策和流程改进，城市可以实施，以充分实现创新建筑方法的住房可负担性的好处。该项目还将确保城市为未来尚未开发的建筑技术做好创新准备，并确保城市资源的使用不会让代表性不足的群体落后。

We are currently finishing up the data collection stage. We reviewed existing literature, administered an online survey for Bay Area development and construction professionals, analyzed demographic trends in the construction industry, collected characteristics of existing innovative projects, and facilitated stakeholder focus groups. Our research uncovered the following barriers to more widespread use of innovative construction methods: inconsistent Planning and Building Code interpretations, restrictive regulations, City processes that lag behind innovation, unequal access to resources for small and minority-owned businesses, and insufficient workforce numbers.

我们目前正在完成数据收集阶段。我们回顾了现有文献，对湾区发展和建筑专业人员进行了在线调查，分析了建筑行业的人口趋势，收集了现有创新项目的特征，并促进了利益相关者的焦点小组。我们的研究发现，在更广泛地使用创新建筑方法方面存在以下障碍:不一致的规划和建筑法规解释、限制性规定、滞后于创新的城市流程、小企业和少数民族企业获得资源的机会不平等以及劳动力数量不足。

Urban Planning Partners has prepared a draft report describing our findings and identifying potential improvements to Oakland’s existing construction innovation practices. Improvements will be implemented in the next phase of the project and could include staff training, Planning and Building Code amendments, structural reorganization, or outreach to the development and construction communities. We are working collaboratively with the City, staff from other Bay Area cities, and innovative developers and builders to ensure that solutions are impactful and reflect City goals and staff constraints.

城市规划合作伙伴已经准备了一份报告草稿，描述了我们的发现，并确定了奥克兰现有建筑创新实践的潜在改进。项目下一阶段将进行改进，可能包括工作人员培训、规划和建筑规范修订、结构重组或向发展和建筑社区推广。我们与市政府、湾区其他城市的员工、创新的开发商和建设者合作，以确保解决方案具有影响力，并反映城市目标和员工限制。

Project Stats:

项目统计数据:

• 22 innovative projects identified in Oakland, ranging from 3 to 357 units

  奥克兰确定了22个创新项目，范围从3个到357个单元不等

• 62% percent of survey respondents reported that their innovative projects cost less than traditional projects

  62%的受访者表示，他们的创新项目比传统项目成本更低

• Most commonly reported cost savings for innovative construction were 10% less than traditional projects

  最常见的报道是，创新建筑的成本节约比传统项目少10%

Why We Liked This Project: This top-ranked MTC/ABAG technical assistance grant is looking at the housing affordability crisis from a unique angle and has allowed us to blaze a trail on a topic that does not have much existing research. This project also gives Oakland the opportunity to serve as a model city for other jurisdictions. We’ve gotten great feedback from the development and construction community who have creative ideas on what works and what doesn’t, and we’re looking forward to trying out some new processes in our home city to encourage more innovation in Oakland.

为什么我们喜欢这个项目:这个排名第一的MTC/ABAG技术援助基金从一个独特的角度看待住房可负担性危机，让我们在一个没有太多现有研究的课题上开辟了一条道路。这个项目也让奥克兰有机会成为其他司法管辖区的模范城市。我们从开发和建设社区那里得到了很好的反馈，他们对什么可行，什么不可行有很多创意，我们期待在我们的家乡奥克兰尝试一些新的流程，以鼓励更多的创新。

上面的文字是凑原创字数的，干货在下面两个视频：

视频1 模块制造及装配

视频2 塔吊公司的宣传视频